Elastic-fluid turbine.



F. SAMUELSUN'.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. 1911i.

1,255,650. Patented mm 5,1918

nannmon munnsomflonailimrmi ass'zononro swam snad'rnxe' 1 comm, a 00320 on n NEW YORK- To all whom it mag concern;

Be it knownthat I, Fnnnnmox saatfian' son, a sukect of the King of Sweden;

siding at ugby, county of Warwickshire, England, have invented certain new and usemprovements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines,

of which the following is a specification.

The present inventlon relates to elasticfluid turbines and has'for its object to redues or eliminate the losses caused by erosion.

of the blades. I I v It is well knownthat the presence of "water in steam passing through the blading elements of a steam turbine causes erosion of the inlet edges of the blades. The 'efl'ect of thiserosion isto increase the shock losses of the steam at the entrance to theblades whereby the elficiency is reduced witha consequent increase in the steam consumption of the turbine per unit output. I

My invention comprises providing in all or any of the rows'o'f binding silbject to erosion,-one or more blades whose entrance edge is nearer to ;,the preceding nozzle or row of blades than the rest of the blades.

The effect ofthis projecting inlet ed e of the blade or blades is to receive the s ock of anddisintegrate into very finelydivided els comparatively" owly ale the nozzle to the exit thereo ;.The water particles the water carried in suspension by v the steam Wet steam passing through a nozzle deposits a considerable quantity of. the moistureon the surface of the nozzle and this water graduall accumulates as it travthe walls of deposited by the steam creeps along the nozzle surface, untilthe extreme edge is reached and. the drop orglobule remains clinging to u the surface until the'itrce of the steam act- 'sitel actin force of surface tension; tual y the rep of Water is released from the mg on its'mass is greater than the o 150- vennoz'zle surface and travels-toward the blad- I iing on the turbine wheel. It takes a certain time for the water globuleto travel the dis.-

tance between the hp of thenozzle and the i bladeedgeaand, therefore, the numr of-gproteetive blades, or blades with projectin entrance edges, will-bear relation to the ameter and"numbe r of revolntio' s which the turbine wheel is makingand t 'e .amount'of clearance nozzle'and the blades. I

' It has beenfound from experiment that provided between, the

n a turbine wheel provided with we pmti Patent.

l Applieationfl'ed names. Berlalll'o. 51,160.

'oessfully resist erosiom patent statutes, 1 have descri Patentqdlieb. 5, 1918,

j jectingblades such asdescribed above, these projecting "blades were more than t erema' The invention, therefore, provideea means '-for concentrati11g the erosion on asmall'pro portion of the total number o f'blades. Since the pro'ecti'ng blades will get or nearly blades.

all of t e erosion it is desirable'that they should be made or fitted in. such adnanner that they canibe easily replaced br'that they should beinade of material such as'willsuc-' The projecting" blades ma also 'be constrncted with a renewable en' rance edge of aspecially hard erosion resisting metal. This renewal edge may fixed to the rest of the. bucket by adovetail or any other .ap

' proved method sothat .it can berea-dilyremoved for renewal purposes.

; -,In the accoinpanym drawing Figure shows a radialsection. thi'ou h the of, the turbine-wheel with the b ades mounted portion of 'aturbine wheel; Fi '3 is anzenlarged view of a le'zblade illustrating a form ofmy invention, andFig. is a-s1de.

elevation of tur'bin'e wheel emb d i my invention,. "K I Referring to the drawing, indicates the web of aturbine wheel and 6 turbine-blades mounted thereon. 7 indicates-the edge poredges of the remaining blades. In Fig. 2 two of the bladesfi are shown asbeing 1'0.- vided with the projecting edge portifong as;

already described portion 7 may be-formed'r-integral tion of a blade which projects beyond the."

so This, proect' ed dad:-

bucket, in. whichimse the bucket may be"- it be formedof a separate piece as shown ,inFig. 8, wherein B mdmatesthe main portion of the bucketand 9 the pro-.

jecting edge portion. -In this case the pro jecting, portion 9 only will. preferably be made of specialerosion resi'sting material, although the whole bucket may By the arrangement'shown in B it will. be clear "that the portion 9 can .be

made ofispeciaLeroeion' resisting material, or

' thereon; Fig. 2'isa developed endiviewof a I ple of operation of my invention, to ether with the apparatus Whlch I now consi er to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s,

- the entrance edges ofthe blades which do not have projecting edges and the preceding nozzle or row of b ades.

2. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine, of a bucketwheel having a blade, the entrance-edge of which projects nearer to the preceding nozzle or row of blades than the next adjacent blades, such blade being formed of a metal which offers a greater re-- sistance to erosion than the metal of the other blades 3. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine, of a bucket wheel having a blade, the

entrance edge of which projects nearer to the I preceding nozzle or row of blades than the next adjacent blades, the entrance edge of such blade being formed of a metal which' 7 ofi'ers a greater resistance to erosion than the metal of the other blades.

4. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine, of'a bucket wheel having a blade, the

entrance edge of which projects nearer to the preceding nozzle or row of blades than the nextadjacent blades, the entrance edge of such blade being formed separate from and detachably connected to' the other portion of the blade.

5. The combination in an elastic-fluid tur-' bine, of a bucket wheel having a blade, the entrance edge of which projectsnea'rer to the preceding nozzle or row of blades than the next adjacent blades, the entrance edge of such blade being formed separate from and detachably connected to the other portion of the blade, and made of erosion resisting metal.

6. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine, of a bucket whee having blades at spaced points around it, the entrance edges of which project nearer to the preceding nozzle or row of blades than the others, the eggrance edges of such blades being detacha 3 blades.

7. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine, of a bucket wheel "having blades at spaced points around it,-the entrance edges of which project nearer to the preceding nozzles or row of blades than the others,.the entrance edges ofsuch blades being detachably connected-to the other port-ions" of said bladiis" and iormed of erosion resisting meta In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this seventh day of March, 1916.

FREDERICK SAMUELSON.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. Fumes, J. -'A. Fos'rna.

connected to the other portions of said It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,255,650, granted February 6, 1918, upcm the epplicatien of Frederick Samuelson, of Rugby, England, for an improvement in Elastic-Fluid Turbines," an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction es: follows: Page 2, line 69, claim 7, for the word "nozzles" read nozzle; and that the said Letters Patent should he rend with this correction therein that the same may confnrm to the record of the case in the Patent Olfice.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of March, A. D., 1918.

{5mm} R. F. Wl-II'i EHEAD,

Acting (Tommian'omr of Patents. 

